Crossed handle wrench with adjustable fulcrum



March 8, 1955 As. ADAIR 2,703,502

CROSSED HANDLE WRENCH WITH ADJUSTABLE FULCRUM Filed July 14, 1952 ul lninr ,1

A. G. ADA I R INVENTOR.

2,703,502 Patented Mar. 8, 195

FULCRUM Adolphus G. Adair, Fort Worth, Tex.

Application July 14, 1952, Serial No. 298,745

1 Claim. (CI. 81-83) This invention relates to hand tools and has reference to an adjustable wrench capable of many uses.

An object of the invention is to provide a versatile wrench which may be quickly adjusted for different types of work.

Another object of the invention is to provide a relative inexpensive wrench which may be clamped to the work, as required in holding parts together while other operations are being performed.

Another object of the invention is to provide a wrench capable of clamping and holding small parts projecting from flat surfaces.

A further object of the invention is to provide a wrench of the described claim capable of use in confined areas and other places which are difficult to reach.

A further object of the invention is to provide a quick adjustment wherein the adjusting threads are necessarily in holding position when the wrench is in use.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a wrench embodying the features of the invention and showing the same being used as a clamp for holding two metal parts together as required for certain fabricating operations, such as drilling, welding or the like.

Figure 2 is a broken side elevation showing the qulck adjustment feature of the invention.

Figure 3 is an elevation showing the Wrench applied to a small bolt head projecting from a flat surface.

Figure 4 is an enlarged broken elevation showing the use of the wrench as a pipe-fitting tool.

Figure 5 is a side elevation similar to Figure 4, but showing the same applied to round stock of small diameter.

Figure 6 is a broken elevation similar to Figure 5 and showing the wrench applied to the opposite flats of a nut.

Figure 7 is an enlarged perspective view of the adjusting screw.

Figure 8 is a further enlarged view of the adjusting screw and showing the same in transverse section and mounted in the threads of one of the wrench jaws.

Figure 9 is a transverse sectional view taken on line 9-9 of Figure 1, and showing the clamping means for applying a vise-like grip to the work being held.

Figure 10 is a broken elevation showing the wrench applied to a stud projecting from a fiat surface, and illustrating how the wrench may be held against the latter in a convenient manner.

The form of the invention shown includes a substantially L-shaped jaw 10 having rearwardly directed teeth 11 formed in the inner surface of the outer end 12. Ordinary teeth 13 are provided along the remaining inner surface of the jaw 10 and are adapted for use in the manner of ordinary pliers, whereas the first described teeth operate in the manner of pipe-gripping teeth. The handle 14 integral with the jaw 10 extends rearwardly and is adapted to be received within the length of another handle 15, which is U-shaped in transverse crosssection. The forward end of the handle 15 is bifurcated, as 16, and is provided with forwardly extending jaws 17, the outer ends of which are connected by means of an insert or spacer 18 which is welded or otherwise suitably secured in place. The extending jaws 17 and the described insert 18 provide an unitary inner jaw 19 having pipe-gripping teeth 20 along the forward surface thereof, and which teeth are opposingly arranged relative to the first described pipe-gripping teeth 11. Other teeth 21 are provided along the inner surface of the United States PatentOf-fice extendinginner jaw 19 and are. arranged opposite to the teeth 13 described in connection with theinner surface of the first described jaw10.

l Between the jaw 10 and its handle 14 there is a di- CROSSED HANDLE WRENCH WITH ADJUSTABLE 5 agonalslot '22- arranged to receive a pivot pin 23 therethrough, and which pin is secured in opposite sides of the U-shaped handle 15. Internal threads 24 are aligned with the longitudinal center of the slot 22 and extend from one end thereof outwardly and rearwardly through the first described jaw 10. An adjusting screw 25 is received within the tapped threads 24, and the threads of which screw are provided with flat surfaces 26 on opposite sides thereof whereby the screw may be slidably moved within opposing slots 27 in opposite sides of the internal threads 24. The outer end of the adjustable screw is laterally formed to provide a finger grip 28, the length of which is in a direction so that the threads of the screw 26 and the threads of the tapped end 24 are engaged when the finger grip 28 is received between the sides of the handle 15.

The inner end of the adjustable screw 25 is provided with an annular recessed groove 29 for receiving the inwardly turned ends 30 of a U-shaped clip 31 positioned around the center portion of the pivot pin 23.

As shown in Figure 3, the jaws 10 and 19 are tapered at the outer ends and whereby the length of the handle may be raised when the wrench is placed against a fiat surface 32 for engaging a small bolt head 33. Thus, the users knuckles do not strike the referred to surface. Similarly, the wrench may be positioned against a flat surface 34 from which a stud 35 or the like projects as shown in Figure 10.

Longitudinal slots 36 are formed in the sides and end of one handle 15 and slidably receive an U-shaped fastener 37 which engages an off-set portion 38 in the lower outer end of the first described handle 14 when the wrench is used as a vise as shown in Figure 1.

As shown in Figure 3 the inner surface of the outer jaw 12 may be convex, as at 39 whereas the opposing surface of the opposite jaw 19 may be concave, as at 40, for carrying out the operation illustrated in Figure 3. As shown in Figure 10, the respective jaws 12 and 19 may be convex as at 41 and 42, for angularly engaging a round surface, such as the stud 35.

In operation, the jaws 10 and 19 are quickly adjusted by turning the screw 25 and aligning the threads thereof with the slots 27 formed in the internal threads 24. As previously referred to, the finger grip 28 is positioned cross-wise during the last described operation. The jaws 10 and 19 are then manually adjusted to engage the work, such as the two metal parts 43 and 44 as shown in Figure 1, the opposite sides of a nut 45 as shown in Figure 6, or the round stock 46 or 47 as shown in Figures 4 and 5. The finger grip 28 is then positioned to pass through the sides of the outer handle 15 and the two handles 14 and 15 are then brought together in the usual manner. It is pointed out when the wrench is used on round stock, such as 35, 46, or 47, the fulcrum is on the part to be turned, thus giving greater mechanical advantage than in the case of ordinary pliers.

The invention is not limited to the construction herein shown and described, but may be made in many ways within the scope of the appended claim.

What is claimed is:

A wrench or the like comprising two pivotally connected jaws, one of said jaws being substantially L-shaped and positioned alongside of and across the end of the other said jaw when both said jaws are in closed position, teeth formed in the opposing surfaces of said jaws, handles integral with said jaws, one of said jaws having a diagonal slot in the end thereof remote from said teeth, an adjusting screw threadedly secured in a tapped hole in said one jaw, said hole being in alignment and communicating with said slot, a pin secured in the other jaw and positioned through said slot, a U-shaped clip positioned around said pin within said slot and having the ends thereof rotatably secured to the inner end of said adjusting screw, the tapped hole in said jaw including opposing longitudinal slots therein, and the threads of said adjusting screw having flat surfaces on the sides References Cited in the file of'thjs patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 440,564 Hammond Nov. 11, 1890 10 4 Haigh et a1. June 26, 1900 Combs May 16, 1905 Enderes Aug. 1, 1905 Amborn Apr. 26, 1910 Schlehr Oct. 11, 1921 Evans Dec. 19, 1922 Campbell Oct. 8, 1929 

